Ibarura rusange rya gatanu ry’abaturage n’imiturire yabo ryakozwe n’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ibarurishamibare mu Rwanda (NISR) muri 2022, ryatangaje ko 30% by’abantu bafite ubumuga ari bo bafite akazi mu gihe abatabufite ari 48%.
Umubare uri hejuru w’abantu bafite ubumuga bari mu kazi uherereye mu karere ka Nyagatare ku kigero cya 41%, mu gihe umubare uri hasi w’abantu bafite ubumuga bafite akazi ari 21% bagaragara mu karere ka Karongi.
Muri aba bantu afite ubumuga imibare igaragaza ko bari mu kazi harimo intangarugero nubwo nabo bemeza ko hari imbogamizi zikigaragara.
Indashyikirwa mu burezi muri kaminuza y’u Rwanda yahishuye ibanga rimufasha kuba intangarugero.
Dr Betty Mukarwego afite ubumuga bwo kutabona, akaba ari mwarimu mu cyiciro cya kabiri (under graduate) n’icya gatatu (master’s) muri kaminuza y’u Rwanda, mu ishami ry’uburezi “College of education”, akaba yaranaharaniye cyane uburezi bufite ireme ku bana bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona.
Atangaza ko yaba mu kwiga ndetse no mu kazi ufite ubumuga ahura n’imbogamizi zinyuranye, ariko we kugira ngo abashe kugera ku ntego yiyemeje kuba intangarugero.
Ati: “Mu kazi kanjye ka buri munsi ko kwigisha ikintu cya mbere nkora ni ukurema ubucuti hagati yanjye n’abanyeshuri, aho gutangira mbigisha amasomo, mpera mu kubigisha imibereho n’ubuzima bigatuma batangira kunyibonamo ubwo tugahita twinjira mu masomo, kandi kugeza ubu nta kibazo cy’akato cyangwa guteshwa agaciro n’abanyeshuri kirambaho.”
Akomeza atangaza ko abanyeshuri bashya, iyo bagitangira kwiga babanza kumwitegereza, batangajwe n’uburyo yigisha, asoma, ariko ko bigenda neza bitewe n’uburyo aba yatangiranye nabo bigatuma bamwiyumvamo, bagakurikira ndetse bakanakunda amasomo abaha aho nta munyeshuri ujya utsindwa isomo rye ngo abe yakora ikizamini cyo gusubiramo.
Dr Mukarwego yahishuye ko ikimufasha kuba intangarugero mu kazi k’uburezi akora ari ukwiyakira, akagaragariza abamuvuga cyangwa ababona ko adashoboye ikinyuranyo abereka ko ashoboye kandi agakora neza.
Yatanze urugero ko aharanira guhora ari imbere yaba mu kwigisha neza bityo abanyeshuri bagatsinda ku rwego rwo hejuru, agatangira amanota ku gihe, ngo nubwo abavuga cyangwa abatekereza ko adashoboye batabura.
Yahawe igikombe cya rwiyemezamirimo mu bantu bafite ubumuga ku rwego rw’igihugu
Ingabire Diane, umukobwa ufite ubumuga bw’ingingo ariko ntibwamuzitiye gutwara igikombe cy’umwaka wa 2023 nka rwiyemezamirimo uhiga abandi mu bafite ubumuga. Akora ubudozi bunyuranye bw’ibikorwa mu budodo, yaba imyambaro, inkweto ndetse n’imitako.
Yatangaje ibimufasha kuba intangarugero mu kazi ke kanamutunze ndetse akaba ari n’umukoresha w’abatari bake.
Yagize ati:“Ibanga rya mbere nkoresha mu kazi kanjye k’ubudozi ni ukuba inyangamugayo, icya kabiri ni ugukora umurimo unoze nubahiriza igihe kandi nkanezeza ubushake bw’umukiriya haba hari ikitagenze neza nkabimubwirira ku gihe.”
Ingabire atangaza ko gukora akazi afite ubumuga haba harimo inzitizi zinyuranye, ko ariko urugamba ruba rutoroshye kandi nta mpamvu yo gutsindwa.
Ati: “Kuba narahawe igihembo cya rwiyemezamirimo w’umugore witeje imbere mu bafite ubumuga byaranshimishije cyane kuko kivuze byinshi, ibi byose mbikesha kwitinyuka, kwikunda ndetse no kwihesha agaciro nirinda kuba umusaraba ku bandi.”
Yarize araminuza, aho akora afite umwanya ukomeye utuma yibazwaho na benshi
Mukarusine Claudine afite ubumuga bw’uruhu, yize muri Kaminuza y’uRwanda mu ishami ry’Uburezi hamwe n’indimi (icyongereza n’igifaransa), atangaza ko ari naho yamenyeye ijambo abantu bafite ubumuga, kuko mbere akiga mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye yari amenyereye amazina amutesha agaciro.
Yemeza ko bitamuciye intege, ko ahubwo byamuteye kwisobanukirwa, ari nabwo mu mwaka wa 2 wa kaminuza yatangiye gukorana na NUDOR.
Ati: “Njye natangiye gukorana na NUDOR bampugura ku bijyanye n’amategeko ndetse n’amasezerano mpuzamahanga arinda abantu bafite ubumuga by’umwihariko, kuva icyo gihe ntangira gufasha abanyeshuri bafite ubumuga, ari nabyo byanyoboye mu nshingano zo gufasha abantu bafite ubumuga mu kubarinda imbogamizi zose zibabuza kwiga.”
Mukarusine atangaza ko nyuma yo kurangiza kaminuza, yakoreye mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba, atangira ari umufashamyumvire mu matsinda yo kuzigama no kugurizanya.
Yemeza ko agitangira yahawe akato gakomeye, abamubona bakamuvugiriza induru, aho agiye akabwirwa amagambo atari meza, ariko ashimangira ko ibi byose bitamuciye intege, kuko akazi ke yagakoraga neza ndetse kuri ubu ari ku mwanya ushimishije akesha kudacibwa intege n’abamuha akato.
Ati: “Kuva muri 2019 naje gukorera ku cyicaro cya NUDOR muri Kigali, ndi umukozi ushinzwe kubaka ubushobozi (Project Manager), ibi byose nabigejejweho no gukunda akazi, kubyaza umusaruro amahugurwa nagiye mpabwa anyuranye arengera ndetse anafasha abantu bafite ubumuga nubwo usanga abantu benshi banyibazaho ngo abikora ate? Akora akahe kazi?
Mukarusine yemeza ko ibi bibazo binyuranye abantu bamwibazaho k’ubw’umwanya utoroshye ndetse unagoye afite muri NUDOR, ari bimwe mu bituma urubyiruko rufite ubumuga rubura akazi, batazize ko nta bumenyi ahubwo abantu batinya korohereza abafite ubumuga no kutamenya ubudasa bw’abantu bafite ubumuga”.
Kuba intangarugero mu kazi birashoboka ariko haracyari inzitizi
Tuyizere Oswald ni umwe mu bantu bafite ubumuga bw’ingingo, akaba yaragiye akora ahantu hanyuranye yemeza ko ari ku rwego rushimishije mu kazi ke ndetse kamuhesha agaciro.
Atangaza ko umuntu ari we wihesha agaciro, mu kazi ke agaharanira gutanga umusaruro ariko nawe akishyurwa umushahara yumvikanye n’umukoresha we, ariko imbogamizi ahura nazo mu kazi zigakurwaho kugira ngo umusaruro uboneke.
Ati: “Ufite ubumuga agomba kureberwa mu mboni z’umuntu ushoboye akazi, ugakwiriye ntibamubone nk’umuntu ufite ubumuga bareba nk’aho ntacyo yakora.”
Avuga ko mu rwego rwo gukumira akato gakorerwa abafite ubumuga mu kazi hakenewe ibiganiro kuko ubumuga ntabwo ari indwara ngo irandura, hakenewe gukaza ubukangurambaga kugira ngo abantu bumve ko ubumuga butandura ariko n’ufite ubumuga akagerageza gushyiramo ingufu zatuma abantu babona ko ibyo akora bifite ishingiro, ko bifite icyo bimarira rubanda.
Ati: “Ni uruhare rwa buri wese, kugira ngo ufite ubumuga atange umusaruro ntiyirirwe yerekana ubumuga, ku buryo abakoresha babona ko ufite ubumuga atanga umusaruro kurusha abatabufite. Ariko umukoresha nawe akamworohereza mu kazi ke, yaba kumuha ibikoresho bijyanye n’ubumuga bwe, inzira zimugeza mu kazi n’ibindi byose bituma abasha gukora akazi atabangamiwe.”
NCPD itangaza ko itarebera abica itegeko ribuza akato ku murimo
Umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’Inama y’Igihugu y’Abafite Ubumuga (NCPD), Ndayisaba Emmanuel aganira ku murongo wa telephone na mugenzi wacu, yatangaje ko abantu bafite ubumga ari abantu nk’abandi batagomba guhabwa akato mu kazi no guteshwa agaciro.
Ati: “Dukora ubuvugizi ku bantu bahohoterwa mu kazi kuko abafite ubumuga ari abantu nk’abandi, bafite ubushobozi nk’abandi, cyane ko abafite ubumuga hari aho bakora imirimo iba yananiye abatabufite”.
Uyu muyobozi yatanze urugero rw’umuntu ufite ubumuga wari wirukanywe wakoraga mu karere ka Rubavu, ariko nyuma y’ubuvugizi NCPD yamukoreye yasubijwe mu kazi.
Ubwo twateguraga iyi nkuru twagerageje kuvugisha MIFOTRA, hagamijwe kumenya icyo ikora mu gihe habayeho kwica itegeko rikumira akato mu kazi, by’umwihariko agakorerwa abantu bafite ubumuga mu kazi ntibagira icyo badutangariza.
Ibarura rusange rya gatanu ry’abaturage n’imiturire yabo ryakozwe n’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ibarurishamibare mu Rwanda (NISR) muri 2022, ryerekanye ko abafite ubumuga bari hejuru y’imyaka 5 ari 391,775 (Igitsina gabo bakaba ari 174,949, mu gihe igitsina gore ari 216,826).
Abafite ubumuga bakaba bagize 3.4 % by’abaturage bari hejuru y’imyaka 5. Umubare munini w’abantu bafite ubumuga ugaragara mu bice by’icyaro akaba ari 3.7% mu gihe mu mujyi bari kuri 2.8%).
INKURU YANDITSWE NA NIKUZE NKUSI Diane
